1978-1990
Xi’an announce 2nd edition master plan 1980-2000 in
this period. The planned population in Xi’an is 1.8 million on the urban
region of 162 sq.km. The whole country focuses on the development again
and it’s a period of breaking down the work-unit system. In the 1980,
the land ownership has changed in to state-ownership in the urban area
of Xi’an mostly, inner city has no private land
left. (China
adopts two land ownership systems, i.e. state-owned land ownership and
collective land ownership. In China, the land ownership is separate
from the land use right, the term of land use rights vary with
different land usages.) From 1980-1990, there are
13000000 sq.m housing built in 10 years, the average of living area has
increased to 6.19 sq.m which is twice larger than 1950s in general.
Nonetheless, registrations shows that there around 30000 people with no
housing at all, and 13000 inhabitants with the living area less than 2
sq.m, and 45% of total housing are temporally structure urban
slums. This could be considered as the foreshadowing the demand of the
regeneration the inner city.
1990-Present
With the decentralization of fiscal authority, local government of Xi’an
have gained increasing autonomy over the economic development within
their jurisdictions
\cite{Yan2003Politics}. In 1990, the state leased the “Leasing
and Transfer of the Right to the Use of the State-Owned Land” and “
Ordinance of Foreign Investments and State-Owned
Land”
Ministry of Land and Resources, PRC, 1990 which remarks the total opening real estate market and the beginning of
property-led regeneration process. In 1995, 3rd
edition master plan was announced for 1995-2010. The planned population
in Xi’an is 3.1 million on the central urban region of 175 sq.km. In
year of 2000, the ownership transformation has complete to private
owned/leased (China State Council. Notification on Public Housing Ownership
Reform, 1999. In accordance with the Interim Regulations Concerning
the Leasing and Transfer of the Right to the Use of the State-Owned
Land in the Urban Areas, the maximum term for the leased right to use
the land is determined respectively in the light of the purposes: 70
years for residential purposes; 50 years for industrial purposes; 50
years for the purposes of education, science, culture, public health
and physical education; 40 years for commercial, tourist and
recreational purposes; and 50 years for mixed utilization or other
purposes.) in Xi’an urban area, the average
living space for each inhabitants increase to 12.05 sq.m from 6.04 sq.m
in 1995.